Pascale A. Guitera

Description:Background: There is lack of uniformity in reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) terminology. Objective: To establish expert consensus on a standardized set of RCM terms that describe non-melanocytic lesions (NMLs). Methods: We invited RCM experts to participate in a Delphi-consensus study. Fifty-nine RCM descriptors were extracted from a previous systematic review on RCM terminology for describing NML. Of these, 35 items were presented as 4 groups of synonymous terms and 24 items as single, nonsynonymous terms. For the first round, an agreement threshold was set at >70%. Participants could also propose new terms. Terms with ≤70% agreement and newly proposed terms were carried over to the next round. For subsequent rounds, agreement threshold was set at >50%. Results: The study was conducted between June 2021 and May 2023. Forty-two of 44 (95%) invited experts participated. Three iterative Delphi rounds were completed, resulting in a consensus list of 36 terms, including 32 synonymous and 4 nonsynonymous terms for describing NML. Conclusions: Only experts were included. We did not evaluate definitions of terms in the study. Conclusions: We propose a simplified list of RCM terms, vetted by RCM experts, for describing and diagnosing NML. Uniform terminology could benefit clinical practice, research, and education.

Description:Background: Actinic keratoses (AKs), also known as solar keratoses, are precancerous skin lesions that typically occur following long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation. AKs can evolve into cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) if left untreated. Treatments for AKs typically cause temporary, irritable erythematous skin barrier disruption. Objective: The objective of this article is to provide recommendations for the pre-treatment and post-treatment care for AKs in order to improve patient outcomes, particularly in the Australian and New Zealand setting. Conclusions: Many of the treatments for AKs have associated side effects that might affect skin barrier function. Post-treatment care is required to aid skin repair and to protect the skin. Patients should be instructed on how to care for the skin during the healing process using a gentle skin cleanser and a moisturiser. Routine sun protection measures all year round reduce recurrence and progression of AKs.

Description:Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the ability of computers to mimic human intelligence. In response to the growing interest and impact of AI, the Australasian College of Dermatologists released its first Position Statement on AI in dermatology in 2022. This Position Statement provided guidance for dermatologists on the appropriate use of AI. Since then, the AI landscape has evolved substantially, particularly with the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs). This article explores key developments in AI driven by LLMs, including the increasing use of AI scribes, and provides updated guidance for dermatologists in Australia.